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- <text id=89TT0958>
- <link 93TO0069>
- <link 91TT2017>
- <link 90TT3140>
- <title>
- Apr. 10, 1989: What The Comrades Say
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- Apr. 10, 1989 The New USSR
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- THE UNION, Page 62
- WHAT THE COMRADES SAY
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>In the most extensive Soviet poll on perestroika ever conducted
- for a foreign publication, TIME discovers surprising candor--and
- more than a little dissension
- </p>
- <p>By Vsevolod Marinov
- </p>
- <p>How's he doin'?
- </p>
- <p> Not bad--but...According to a TIME poll of more than
- 1,000 Moscow residents, Mikhail Gorbachev's approval rating
- stands at 79%. Buoyed by the success of his U.S. visit,
- Gorbachev enjoyed a popularity rating of 92% in December. By
- March, those who expressed doubts climbed from 5% to about 12%,
- reflecting the reality of shortages and dissatisfaction with the
- progress of perestroika.
- </p>
- <p> Seventy-one percent agree that Gorbachev's reform program
- is encountering difficulties, and 20% think it has been braked,
- but only 1 out of 10 believes that perestroika is a deviation
- from Marxism-Leninism. Though 1 out of 4 says his material life
- has improved in the past three years, another 25% (and 34% of
- people over 60) say things have got worse.
- </p>
- <p> Glasnost remains Gorbachev's biggest hit. Only 10%,
- obviously the conservative traditionalists, contend that there
- is too much openness, with more than one-fifth of those over 60
- claiming that glasnost has already gone too far. Young people
- are the most eager to press openness to the limit. In the
- under-30 group, 37% demand more glasnost.
- </p>
- <p> There are signs that Gorbachev's revolution has in fact
- engendered "new thinking" within the Communist Party. When
- party members are asked the touchy question of whether the
- Soviet Union might someday have a multiparty system, an
- impressive 36% express readiness to entertain the notion. Among
- the general public, 40% of the men thought the Communist Party
- would eventually have competition, while women were more
- conservative, with only 27% taking that view. Another surprise:
- even after decades of official atheism, half of all party
- members say religious believers can also be members of the
- Communist Party.
- </p>
- <p> If Gorbachev is wondering how Soviet history will judge
- him, he will do well to remember that the country's leaders tend
- to die twice: once in body and soul, and later in public
- opinion. While Joseph Stalin and Leonid Brezhnev were accorded
- elaborate state funerals, their reputations since then have
- changed quite markedly. Stalin is viewed negatively by 62% and
- positively by only 7%, though that rating is almost double among
- people who see perestroika as a deviation from Marxism-Leninism.
- </p>
- <p> Brezhnev has suffered an even more dramatic fall from
- grace. His strongest negative rating, 80%, comes from Communist
- Party members who bitterly blame him for abusing his post and
- causing the party's prestige to decline. On the other hand,
- Nikita Khrushchev, a reformer of sorts who was thrown out of
- office and saw his reputation tarnished before he died, is
- enjoying a modest boost in popularity. More than 29% view him
- favorably, compared with only 5% for Brezhnev.
- </p>
- <p> Unless Gorbachev can deliver on his promises of a better
- life, his popularity is likely to slip further. What may work
- to Gorbachev's benefit is the fact that only one-fourth of
- those polled expect their lives to improve. With expectations
- that low, Gorbachev may never find himself in the ratings
- cellar.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
-
-